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High-resolution photographs of Io acquired when Io is experiencing an eclipse reveal an aurora-like glow. Further help for this idea came in 2013 when the Gemini Observatory was used to immediately measure the collapse of Io's SO2 environment during, and its reformation after, e-zigarettevape eclipse with Jupiter. To help the super topography observed at these mountains requires compositions consisting largely of silicate rock, versus sulfur. To support the heat circulation observed on Io, 10-20% of Io's mantle may be molten, ezigarettengunstig although regions the place excessive-temperature volcanism has been observed could have increased melt fractions.

This layer is estimated to be 50 km thick and ezigarettengunstig to make up about 10% of Io's mantle. Besides being seen through ground-based telescopes, publish-eclipse brightening was present in near-infrared wavelengths using an instrument aboard the Cassini spacecraft. Generally, these plumes are formed when volatiles like sulfur and sulfur dioxide are ejected skyward from Io's volcanoes at speeds reaching 1 km/s (0.Sixty two mi/s), creating umbrella-formed clouds of gas and ezigarettengunstig dust.

In the 1890s, Edward E. Barnard was the first to observe variations in Io's brightness between its equatorial and polar regions, correctly determining that this was attributable to variations in colour and albedo between the two regions and not as a consequence of Io being egg-shaped, vapebestuk as proposed at the time by fellow astronomer William Pickering, or ezigarettenbasen two separate objects, as initially proposed by Barnard.

However, in that statement, vapezubehor Galileo could not separate Io and Europa because of the low energy of his telescope, so the 2 had been recorded as a single level of light.

It was discovered together with the opposite Galilean moons in 1610 by Galileo Galilei and named after the mythological character Io, a priestess of Hera who grew to become certainly one of Zeus's lovers.