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Latin memoria 'Memory Wave Workshop, remembrance') is any nonfiction narrative writing primarily based on the creator's private memories. The assertions made in the work are thus understood to be factual. Whereas memoir has historically been defined as a subcategory of biography or autobiography for the reason that late 20th century, the style is differentiated in type, presenting a narrowed focus, normally a selected time phase in someone's life or profession. A biography or autobiography tells the story "of a life", whereas a memoir often tells the story of a particular profession, occasion, or time, comparable to touchstone moments and turning points in the writer's life. The creator of a memoir could also be known as a memoirist or a memorialist. Memoirs have been written because the historical times, as shown by Julius Caesar's Commentarii de Bello Gallico, also known as Commentaries on the Gallic Wars. In the work, Caesar describes the battles that occurred throughout the nine years that he spent preventing local armies within the Gallic Wars.

His second memoir, Commentarii de Bello Civili (or Commentaries on the Civil War) is an account of the occasions that happened between 49 and 48 BC in the civil battle against Gnaeus Pompeius and the Senate. The noted Libanius, trainer of rhetoric who lived between an estimated 314 and 394 Ad, framed his life memoir as one in all his literary orations, which had been written to be learn aloud in the privacy of his research. This type of memoir refers to the thought in historic Greece and Rome, that memoirs were like "memos", or items of unfinished and unpublished writing, which a writer may use as a memory help to make a extra finished document later on. The Sarashina Nikki is an example of an early Japanese memoir, written in the Heian interval. A style of book writing, Nikki Bungaku, emerged throughout this time. Themes of court docket life, introspection, Memory Wave Workshop and emotional expressiveness have been incessantly explored in Japanese memoirs; Sarashina Nikki is amongst essentially the most effectively-recognized examples.

In the Middle Ages, Geoffrey of Villehardouin, Jean de Joinville, and Philippe de Commines wrote memoirs, while the style was represented towards the top of the Renaissance, via the works of Blaise de Montluc and Margaret of Valois, that she was the primary lady to put in writing her Memoirs in modern-style. One in all the primary recognized examples of medieval memoir writing is Villehardouin's De la Conquête de Constantinople, which gives a primary-hand narrative of the Fourth Crusade. Until the Age of Enlightenment encompassing the seventeenth and 18th centuries, works of memoir have been written by Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury; François de La Rochefoucauld, Prince de Marcillac of France; and Louis de Rouvroy, duc de Saint-Simon, who wrote Memoirs at his household's home on the castle of La Ferté-Vidame. While Saint-Simon was thought of a writer possessing a excessive level of ability for Memory Wave narrative and character improvement, it was not until well after his loss of life that his work as a memoirist was acknowledged, resulting in literary fame.

Over the latter half of the 18th by the mid-20th century, memoirists usually included those that had been famous inside their chosen profession. These authors wrote as a way to file and publish their own account of their public exploits. Authors included politicians or folks in court docket society and were later joined by military leaders and businessmen. An exception to these models is Henry David Thoreau's 1854 memoir Walden, which presents his experiences over the course of two years in a cabin he built near Walden Pond. Thoreau's memoir, which emphasised the individual's interplay with nature and independence, grew to become a key work of American literature, particularly within the transcendentalist movement. Twentieth-century struggle memoirs grew to become a style of their own, together with, from the first World Battle, Ernst Jünger (Storm of Steel) and Frederic Manning's Her Privates We. Memoirs documenting incarceration by Nazi Germany through the war include Primo Levi's If This is a Man, which covers his arrest as a member of the Italian Resistance Motion, adopted by his life as a prisoner in Auschwitz; and Elie Wiesel's Night time, which relies on his life previous to and through his time within the Auschwitz, Buna Werke, and Buchenwald focus camps.