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Medications to Treat Anxiety

Therapy is the most effective treatment for anxiety, sometimes taking a short course of medicine is necessary. Medications to treat anxiety include antidepressants and tranquilizers.

SSRI antidepressants such as citalopram, sertraline, and escitalopram are able to reduce anxiety. SNRIs, which are aimed at serotonin and norepinephrine can also be effective.

SSRIs

SSRIs are the first line of medication doctors prescribe to treat anxiety disorders. They prevent nerve cells in the brain from reabsorbing serotonin, which is a chemical that plays a crucial function in the regulation of mood. The medications take a while to work, but most people are better after four to six weeks. SSRIs do not develop a habit and aren't addicting, therefore they can continue to be used for a long duration.

Another type of antidepressant, SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), also treats depression and anxiety. Examples of SNRIs include citalopram (Celexa) as well as escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluoxetine (Prozac), paroxetine (Paxil) and sertraline (Zoloft). Tricyclic antidepressants like imipramine (Tofranil) and doxepine (Anxiety Disorder Stimulant) also treat anxiety and depression. Novel antidepressants such as mirtazapine (Remeron) are also sometimes used to treat anxiety disorders.

Doctors do not know how SNRIs or SSRIs work however they do know that they increase the activity of certain chemical messengers called neurotransmitters in the brain. They prevent the brain from reabsorbing these chemicals and permit them to bind to their receptors.

SSRIs are used to treat generalized anxiety disorder, GAD; obsessive-compulsive disorder, OCD; panic disorder/agoraphobia; and posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD. They can also help with bulimia, but it is less prevalent.

People with anxiety who don't respond to SSRIs may be prescribed an antipsychotic atypical drug. Examples include quetiapine, (Abilify) and aripiprazole, (Risperdal). These medications ease anxiety disorder treatment without medication in those suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorders. They are typically prescribed in conjunction with an antidepressant, and they have a lower risk for serious side effects compared to other antipsychotics.

Beta-blockers can also be prescribed to treat anxiety, and heart issues. Examples include propranolol (Inderal) and atenolol (Tenormin). They can reduce physical symptoms of anxiety in people who suffer from social anxiety disorder. They can also assist in reducing anxiety before or after surgery and for some chronic pain conditions. Benzodiazepines, such as lorazepam and Ativan (Ativan), can be used in situations where other medications do not work. However, benzodiazepines can cause dependence and may be addictive.

SNRIs

SNRIs are an antidepressant medication that is typically prescribed to treat anxiety. They function in a similar way similar to SSRIs but they also increase the quantity of norepinephrine as well as serotonin. This means that they are often more effective in treating specific types of anxiety disorders. This includes panic disorder and social anxiety disorder. These medications work best natural treatment for anxiety and depression when combined with other treatments and talk therapy.

Unlike benzodiazepines SNRIs don't cause dependence or addiction in the majority of people. Some sufferers might experience withdrawal symptoms after discontinuing a medication after a prolonged period of use. It is important to consult your physician prior to stopping any medication.

Neurotransmitters such serotonin as well as norepinephrine control mood and stress. Specifically, they play a significant role in the fight-or-flight response that a lot of people suffering from anxiety experiences. SNRIs prevent nerve cells from rapidly mopping up neurotransmitters by preventing the process of reuptake. By doing so they help keep these chemicals in the brain longer and as a consequence they are able to improve mood and reduce feelings of anxiety or even aid in reducing symptoms of panic attacks.

Norepinephrine is also involved in anxiety as it activates the Amygdala. This is a deep and primitive part of the brain that is associated with fearful behavior. It has been demonstrated that SNRIs decrease activity in this region of the brain, which can positively impact mood and anxiety, as well as alleviate panic attacks.

While these medications can be very beneficial however, it is important to note that they have the potential of causing increased suicidal thoughts for some people. Due to this, they are usually prescribed in higher doses and for a short duration. These medications may also interact with other medications and substances. If you are on any other prescription or over-the counter medications, be sure to discuss this with your doctor and keep them up-to-date on any underlying conditions you have particularly heart issues and bleeding-related diseases. Be aware that certain patients have reported adverse reactions to SNRIs like nausea and dry mouth.

Benzodiazepines

Benzos, also known as benzodiazepines as they are often called, are quick-acting drugs that reduce anxiety and other anxiety-related symptoms, such a muscle tension and insomnia. Certain people suffering from anxiety disorders, such as social anxiety or panic disorder might find them beneficial particularly if they've not responded to other treatments, such as SSRIs and psychotherapy. They are also a good short-term solution, like while you wait for an antidepressant to begin working. The medications diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan) are the most popular benzos, but other options include clonazepam (Rivotril) as well as temazepam (Restoril) and flurazepam (Dalmane).

They usually start working within 30 minutes because they are fast-acting. These medications don't last very long in the body, therefore it is essential to take them regularly to benefit from their effects. Benzos taken for long periods of time could lead to addiction and physical dependence, so they should only be used for the most brief period of time. Benzos are not recommended for people with anxiety disorders or depression because they may increase the risk of those problems.

People who take benzos for long periods of duration, often without medical supervision, may develop a condition referred to as sedative-use disorder. It can cause withdrawal symptoms and addiction. It is rare for people who are prescribed benzos to develop this problem however. Benzo abuse usually stems from other factors, such as alcoholism and depression.

The long-term may also lead to tolerance to their effects on sedation. Tolerance means you require more medication to get the same effects. This may result in respiratory depression or even death. Even if you're taking benzodiazepines for a long time, it is important to follow the prescribed dosage.

Other Medications

SSRIs and SNRIs are the first medications that doctors prescribe to treat anxiety. They alter serotonin which is responsible for mood appetite, sleep, and mood. They can take up to 12 weeks before they begin to work and may have negative effects like insomnia or nausea. SSRIs are also used to treat other mental health disorders such as depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and panic disorder. Contrary to benzodiazepines, antidepressants do not cause physical dependence, but they can trigger withdrawal symptoms if abruptly stopped.

The medications in this class are sertraline (Zoloft) as well as fluoxetine (Prozac) and citalopram (Celexa). They can be used alone or in combination with therapy. Antidepressants are prescribed by psychologists, psychiatrists or family doctors with specialized expertise in the field of medication management.

Doctors may also prescribe a class of antidepressants referred to as monoamine oxidase inhibitors or MAOIs. They block the actions of certain enzymes which break down chemicals like serotonin and norepinephrine, and dopamine. MAOIs may take up to four weeks to start working however, they aren't as fast-acting than SSRIs.

Clonidine is another medication that can be used to manage anxiety. It is commonly used to treat anxiety, however, it can also be used to control blood pressure. Its effectiveness is limited because of negative effects such as hypotension and sedation. Antihistamines, such as hydroxyzine, can be prescribed by medical professionals to help reduce anxiety and panic attacks. Some patients may also experience a reduction in the effectiveness of benzodiazepines.

The treatment for anxiety attacks for anxiety is usually combining psychotherapy, medication and exercise. Working with a therapist that has a specialization in anxiety disorders is the most effective method to treat anxiety. They can assist you in working through the underlying causes of your anxiety and recommend strategies to manage it without medication, if necessary. Other options for treating anxiety that do not involve medication include eye movement desensitization, mindfulness meditation, and Yoga that is trauma-informed. Talk with your therapist about what options are most suitable for you. Psychiatrists are trained to assess your medical history, symptoms and formulate a treatment plan for anxiety that is suitable for you. They will consider your specific diagnosis, lifestyle, medical history and preferences when preparing the plan and will make changes to it as they go along.