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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

You've probably heard that different types produce distinct flavors. Learn about four of the most common varieties: Arabica. Robusta. Liberica. and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are a kind of Liberica is grown exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a fruitier, more tart flavor and are often used in blends of beans to give them added depth.

Arabica

Arabica is the most well-known coffee in the world and accounts for 75% of the global cheap coffee beans beans produced. Arabica beans are softer and sweeter than Robusta, and come in various flavour profiles. The taste and aroma components of a coffee can vary in a wide range depending on the cultivation conditions and processing methods used to produce it.

The word "coffee" is derived from the Arabic word that means the berry. Coffee beans are actually seeds that grow inside bright red berries. It is believed ancient Ethiopian shepherds found that their goats were energized by eating fruits. The cultivation of coffee grew quickly around the world.

Coffee beans can be grown at high altitudes, and are in a position to thrive in cold temperatures and plenty of rain. This is one of the reasons that Arabica is considered to be the best tasting coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters are focused on the ethical sourcing of arabica beans. They focus on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies often blend arabica beans to make unique coffees that are suitable for a wide range of brewing methods. Blending can control the aroma, flavor and body, as well as the acidity of coffee. It is generally preferred to achieve an even and consistent taste that is appealing to a broad audience.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most common type of coffee bean cultivated worldwide. They contain more caffeine per bean than Arabica, and are more resistant to pests and disease. They also contain more chlorogenic acids, which are naturally occurring antioxidants. These acids can cause oxidation during the Coffee Beans Types brewing and produce undesirable flavors.

The plant itself is more durable than arabica, able thrive in less favorable climate conditions and at lower elevations. It can withstand higher temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It produces more coffee per plant and grows faster than arabica. This makes it a more economically viable crop to cultivate.

While it may seem counterintuitive Robusta beans are frequently combined with arabica to create coffee blends. If you see names such as Uganda or Kenya on the coffee bags, it's possible that there's also some robusta.

Most roasters use a mixture of arabica and coffee beans to cut costs and ensure quality. To ensure the integrity of the flavor you should select an excellent bean from a reliable source. The best method to achieve this is to purchase your beans directly from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans have a shape similar to a football, which is why they are different from other coffee beans. They are characterized by a smell that is floral, fruity and smoky. They are often blended with other coffee bean varieties to add an extra, stronger flavor.

Liberica coffee beans are grown in West Africa and Malaysia (Borneo) as and in Southeast Asia. They can grow in low altitudes and tolerate hot, humid climates. They are also more resistant to diseases than Arabica or Robusta.

These qualities make them perfect to grow at home. Online, you can buy seeds from numerous sources. However, it is best to buy the beans from local producers to ensure high-quality. The ideal conditions for the cultivation of Liberica coffee plants include fertile deep volcanic soils that have moderately acidic pH and sufficient annual rainfall.

Excelsa is a different variety of coffee bean. It was initially classified as a distinct species, but has now been classified as a Liberica variant. These coffee beans are elongated ovals that are cultivated on 20-30 foot coffee plants that are located at medium altitudes. They have a unique taste that is both tart and fruity and has made them a preferred choice for blends in house. They are also less heavy on aroma and caffeine than Arabica and Robusta yet still possess a unique quality of flavor.

Excelsa

Although they're the fourth most coveted kind of coffee beans, Excelsa beans aren't quite as easily accessible as Arabica or Robusta. They were actually considered distinct species of coffee up until 2006, when they were classified as a synonym for Coffea Liberica var. dewevrei. They are grown in Southeast Asia today and account for 7 percent of the world's production of coffee. These beans have a distinctive teardrop-shaped shape and possess a dark, mysterious flavor. They're frequently used in blends to give extra body and a rich tart, ripe fruit flavor.

Arabica beans are the most well-known, and are renowned for having a more sweetness. They thrive best at high altitudes and enjoy warm, tropical climates. They also have a hint of acidity. If brewed correctly and roast they can be a bit sweet with hints of nuts, chocolate or even fruit.

Robusta is a close second only to Arabica and makes up around 40 percent of the world's coffee. Robusta beans are smaller and more round however, they contain twice the amount of caffeine as Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties and are more likely to have woody and earthy overtones.

After having learned about the four most popular varieties you can now select the best brew. If you prefer an elegant and delicate taste pick an arabica or a blend made up of robusta beans and arabica beans.