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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety is among the most prevalent mental health problems that affects 40 million adults in the United States. A variety of medications are available to treat it.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work natural methods to treat anxiety alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. They aren't addictive, unlike benzodiazepines.

SSRIs

The most popular anxiety medications are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) which include citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluoxetine (Prozac). These drugs can also be used to treat depression and relieve symptoms of anxiety disorders such as obsessive compulsive disorder. They can take up to a month before they begin working.

These drugs help by increasing the levels of certain chemical transmitters that are present in the brain. This includes serotonin and norepinephrine as well as dopamine. They're typically the first treatment option for anxiety, however doctors also use other types of antidepressants and benzodiazepines.

Another class of antidepressants, called serotonin and norepinephrine receptor inhibitors (SNRIs) like duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor), are also used to treat anxiety. They differ from SSRIs because they decrease norepinephrine, but at a lower degree than SSRIs. They may take some time to begin taking effect, and they also are more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), such as imipramine (Tofranil), can be effective in treating some anxiety disorders, notably GAD. However their drowsiness and other adverse reactions make them less popular. Another kind of antidepressant, monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs) can be used to treat anxiety. They are a high risk of toxicity and dietary restrictions limit their use.

Benzodiazepines can be used to treat panic attacks and anxiety in the short-term while waiting for SSRIs and SNRIs. These medications can trigger dependence, tolerance, and sedation as well as withdrawal symptoms such as a rebound anxiety, depression and delirium. Benzodiazepines can be found in alprazolam, clonazepam, and lorazepam.

Therapy is a crucial component of an anxiety treatment plan because it allows you to understand your symptoms and their reasons. Many people discover that both therapy and medication can help to manage anxiety. Some studies have shown that cognitive behavioral therapy is as effective as medication for anxiety. Speak to your doctor to find out what's right for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines have a calming effect that reduces anxiety and relaxes tense muscle. They also relieve symptoms of bodily stress related to fear (like heart rate or trembling) and help promote sleep.

They work by binding to inhibitory neurons, for example GABA or gamma aminobutryic acid at receptors in the central nervous system. They enhance the effects of GABA by increasing its inhibitory effects on other neurotransmitters and decreasing the amount of messages that are sent to the amygdala, a region of the brain that assesses threats and produces the feeling of fear.

These medications are typically used for short periods for instance, during an attack of panic or a severe anxiety episode. They may help relieve symptoms within 30 to 90 minutes of taking them. Contrary to SSRIs they don't stay in the body for long. They're quick-acting and typically work in a matter of hours, making them ideal for situations in which you require quick relief (like on a plane flight or prior to giving an event in public).

They are addictive, and people are usually prescribed them for up to 4 weeks at one time. After that period, they also lose their effectiveness.

One of the main reasons benzodiazepines are so popular is that they are efficient and have minimal side effects compared to their predecessors, such as barbiturates or meprobamate. They have a rapid onset of action and are very useful as anxiolytics (anti-anxiety), sedatives and anticonvulsants and as muscle relaxants.

Benzos were blamed for negative attitudes towards anxiety that were developed in the 1970s and 80s and included the denial of the disorder and the perception that benzodiazepine therapies lead to physical dependence. Despite this the fact that benzodiazepines play a major role in the treatment for anxiety disorders, especially when combined with psychosocial interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapies.

Benzos may interact with other medications and trigger unwanted side effects, such as drowsiness and disorientation. It's important to let your doctor know about any other prescription, non-prescription, or herbal medication you're contemplating or are taking. Go through the British National Formulary A to Z list of interactions with medications to determine which medications are safe when taken with benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants are effective in treating anxiety and other mental disorders. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved antidepressants to treat other health conditions, such as bipolar disorder, eating disorders and certain types of pain.

SSRIs are usually prescribed as a first-line treatment option for anxiety by doctors, however they might not work for everyone. If these antidepressants aren't working the doctor might suggest an older type known as a tetracyclic or tricyclic antidepressant. These include amitriptyline and nortriptyline, clomipramine, dothiepin, doxepin, trimipramine or imipramine. They're less common than newer antidepressants, yet they're still available. Your doctor may also prescribe the antidepressant with a sedating effect, Trazodone (Desyrel) at lower doses to treat anxiety or insomnia.

Other antidepressants that may help are nefazodone (Ferdinand) and duloxetine (Cymbalta). They're also available in generic forms. If they aren't helping your doctor, you can try the antipsychotics quetiapine or olanzapine or the sedating antidepressant Mirtazapine.

Beta blockers are used to treat other anxiety disorders. They lower blood pressure and heart rate by blocking adrenaline. These drugs aren't usually used to treat anxiety by themselves however they can be beneficial when used in conjunction with psychological therapy.

Psychotherapy can help you to alter negative thoughts and behaviors that contribute towards your anxiety. It can you treat anxiety without medication help you control your anxiety and learn coping skills. Based on the severity of your problem, exposure therapy or cognitive behavioral therapy could be suggested. Cognitive behavioural therapy assists you to develop the ability to confront negative thoughts, fears and the fear of situations that trigger your anxiety. Exposure therapy is the process of increasing the level of anxiety provoking situations until they are manageable. It can be performed in a group or individually. In both cases, results can take a while to show. Some people believe that the combination of psychotherapy and medication is the best treatment for generalized anxiety disorder choice. Others find that medication alone is sufficient to treat their symptoms. Tell your doctor how you manage your symptoms.

Other Medications

While antidepressants and benzodiazepines are the most common treatments for anxiety, other drugs can ease your symptoms as well. Antihistamines and beta blockers are sometimes prescribed to relieve anxiety.

These medications correct an imbalance in your brain's chemical balance and can help alleviate symptoms by reducing or blocking signals that cause you stress and fear. They are not a panacea. You'll need to continue doing other things to control anxiety, such as physical exercise, relaxation techniques, and psychological therapy.

Your doctor might first prescribe one of the "first choices" anxiety medications, which include SSRIs and SNRIs. These are the most effective drugs to treat anxiety disorders, according to research studies. The most common SSRIs include sertraline (Zoloft) as well as fluoxetine (Prozac) and Citropram (Celexa), and escitalopram (Lexapro). These medications can cause minor side effects, such as insomnia and nausea, but they usually disappear within 4-8 weeks. In contrast to benzodiazepines, these are not addictive and do not increase your risk for suicidal thoughts.

The benzodiazepines, alprazolam (Xanax) as well as clonazepam (Klonopin), and diazepoxide (Valium) provide immediate relief from panic attacks and anxiety, but they can have side effects, including dizziness, drowsiness, memory and coordination issues, as well as dependence. They're less well-known over the more traditional barbiturates but they're just as effective.

Antihistamines like Vistaril (hydroxyzine), were designed to help with allergies however, they're also used to reduce anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine may have a relaxing effect by blocking the histamine receptors. It is not a controlled substance and doesn't have the same risks of addiction as benzodiazepines.

Anticonvulsants are a different kind of medication that can be used to treat anxiety. They have been proven to reduce anxiety by inhibiting the production of and release of dopamine and sérotonin. These medications can be used as part of an integrated therapy or to treat anxiety in the short term. Your doctor will evaluate your health history and symptoms to determine if these medications are appropriate for you. They will also discuss the length of time you'll need these medications as well as any possible negative side effects that might occur. Anxiety medications are only available with a prescription, so you'll need to visit an astrologer to obtain them.