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Types of Coffee Beans

Behind every cup of coffee we enjoy, are carefully graded beans. The beans are graded based on color, size and shape.

The AA grade is granted to coffee beans that fulfill the criteria above, except that they must not contain more than 3 defects (quakers). Typically these are Kenya AA beans.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans, also known as Coffea arabica are the most well-known type of bean in the world. According to the legend coffee was discovered by the goatherder of Ethiopia after he observed that his livestock had more energy when they consumed the fruit of the plant. This led him to try roasting and making the seeds, resulting in the drink we all know and love today.

There are a myriad of varieties of coffee plants, but only two are used to make our most popular brews: robusta and arabica. The taste of the final beverage is typically more appealing when you drink the former.

There are a variety of different cultivars of arabica, each every one having their own distinct flavour profile. Typica and Bourbon are two of the most popular arabica cultivars. The other arabica varieties were developed from these two varieties, either through natural mutations, or deliberate crossbreeding. The SL28 cultivar, for instance was created in Kenya by Scott Labs and is known for its distinctive chocolatey flavour.

The flavor of an arabica variety will be determined by the conditions under which it is cultivated, and also how it is processed and roasted. The shade trees receive will have a major impact on the final product.

Robusta

Robusta coffee beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most sought-after variety of coffee beans. They are used in most instant coffees and have twice the amount of caffeine as Arabica Coffee Beans. They are also used to make many espresso blends specifically for cappuccino caffe latte and various other coffee drinks.

The Coffea Canephora plant was first discovered in Sub-Saharan Africa, but it is now grown throughout the globe. It can be grown at lower elevations and tolerate higher temperatures than Arabica coffee plants, which makes it more suited to farmers. Vietnam is currently the largest producer of robusta coffee followed by Brazil and Indonesia.

The robusta plant is a great coffee beans bulk buy however it's not popular with cupping enthusiasts due to its bitter taste and burnt-rubber aroma. It's often regarded as inferior quality coffee and the majority of large coffee companies utilize arabica beans to make their premium products.

The demand for specialty coffees is growing and small roasters are also experimenting to capitalize on its outstanding qualities. Our Valhalla Java coffee and Death With Coffee coffee are two examples. Both are exceptional robustas that blend with arabica to create the perfect balance of strength and flavour. These beans are from Uganda in a country where robusta has long been cultivated. Learn more about them.

Liberica

Liberica coffee beans are an uncommon variety that is not often used in the world. They make up less than 2 percent of the world's consumption of coffee beans, and are often overlooked as they don't have the same amount of caffeine. These beans have a distinctive flavor that a lot of coffee drinkers find appealing.

Liberica coffee beans, despite being extremely rare however, are quite popular in some parts of Asia. They are especially common in Malaysia and Indonesia with a large Muslim population. The coffee industry in these countries has traditionally been extremely strong and an espresso following a prayer is part of the tradition.

The history of Liberica coffee began in the 1890s when a worldwide epidemic of coffee leaf rust killed the majority of the world's arabica crop. This caused the coffee industry to seek out an alternative species that could thrive in tropical climates, and they soon discovered the Liberica plant.

Liberica plants are resistant to disease and pests which makes them a great alternative to the ruined arabica crop. Liberica can also be grown in lower altitudes and hot temperatures, which allows it to thrive in the climate of Southeast Asia. Liberica coffeee Beans are the main ingredient in the production of the coffee that is produced in the Philippines and Indonesia.

Excelsa

Although it's not typical for coffee drinkers to see excelsa beans in their cups, these more rare beans are beginning to earn a reputation for their unique flavor. According to Komal Sable, a fifth generation coffee farmer at South India Coffee Co., these beans are "a variant of the liberica species, and have similar teardrop-like shapes but smaller size." It's important to remember that despite the family resemblance between excelsa and liberica, this species is not a separate one.

It's not clear how to classify excelsa beans. This confusion is responsible for the lack of their presence in the contemporary coffee world. Many roasters, growers and brewers have no idea how to properly cultivate and use these beans.

It's ultimately up to each individual to decide if they enjoy the taste of excelsa. it might take some time to find the right blend. The key is to be open-minded and give every type of coffee a try until you find one that you truly enjoy. By doing so you'll be able to experience the full possibilities that these unique beans have to offer. It's a journey worth the journey.